Inspired by NASA’s experiments, Australian scientists have developed the world’s first ‘speed breeding’ technique that can boost the production of the crop by up to three times
By using speed breeding techniques in specially modified glasshouses, six generations of wheat, chickpea and barley plants, and four generations of canola plants can be grown in a single year
This could also have some great applications in future vertical farming systems, and some horticultural crops
Inspired by NASA’s experiments to grow wheat in space, Australian scientists have developed the world’s first ‘speed breeding’ technique that can boost the production of the crop by up to three times. The NASA experiments involved using the continuous light on wheat which triggered early reproduction in the plants.
“We thought we could use the NASA idea to grow plants quickly back on Earth, and in turn, accelerate the genetic gain in our plant breeding program,” said Lee Hickey,Senior Research Fellow at University of Queensland (UQ) in Australia.
When Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI) senior research fellow Dr. Lee Hickey saw NASA astronauts using continuous light to trick plants into growing faster in space, he saw a method that could be manipulated to speed up the development of new plant breeds.
“By using speed breeding techniques in specially modified glasshouses we can grow six generations of wheat, chickpea and barley plants, and four generations of canola plants in a single year – as opposed to two or three generations in a regular glasshouse or a single generation in the field,” Hickey said. “Our experiments exhibits that the quality and yield of the plants grown under controlled climate and extended daylight conditions was as good, or sometimes better, than those grown in regular glasshouses,” he said.
There has been a lot of interest globally in this technique due to the fact that the world has to produce 60-80 percent more food by 2050 to feed its nine billion people, researchers said.
The speed breeding technique has largely been used for research purposes but is now being adopted by industry. In partnership with Dow Agro Sciences, the scientists have used the technique to develop the new ‘DS Faraday’ wheat variety due for release to industry this year. “DS Faraday is a high protein, milling wheat with tolerance to pre-harvest sprouting,” Hickey said.
“We introduced genes for grain dormancy so it can better handle wet weather at harvest time – which has been a problem wheat scientists in Australia have been trying to solve for 40 years,” Hickey said. The University of Queensland (UQ) team began tracing the new techniques l0 years ago, and the work has now been published in Nature Plants.”Over the last 12 months, we’ve received an overwhelming, ridiculous number of requests for our protocols of speed breeding from scientists and plant breeders from more than 23 countries from around the world. “It motivated us to write a paper where we provided all the protocols freely available to everyone who wants them.”
“We finally had a breakthrough in grain dormancy, and speed breeding really helped us to do it,” he said.
UQ Ph.D. student Amy Watson, a co-first author of the paper published in the journal Nature Plants, conducted some of the key experiments that documented the rapid plant growth and flexibility of the system for multiple crop species. The new technology “could also have some great applications in future vertical farming systems, and some horticultural crops,” Hickey added.”This tool is going to be really powerful to speed up the development of our future crops.”
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“We thought we could use the NASA idea to grow plants quickly back on Earth, and in turn, accelerate the genetic gain in our plant breeding program,” said Lee Hickey,Senior Research Fellow at University of Queensland (UQ) in Australia.
There has been a lot of interest globally in this technique due to the fact that the world has to produce 60-80 percent more food by 2050 to feed its nine billion people, researchers said.
“We finally had a breakthrough in grain dormancy, and speed breeding really helped us to do it,” he said.
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